Products related to Evolution:
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Evolution and Development : Conceptual Issues
The intersection of development and evolution has always harbored conceptual issues, but many of these are on display in contemporary evolutionary developmental biology (evo-devo).These issues include: (1) the precise constitution of evo-devo, with its focus on both the evolution of development and the developmental basis of evolution, and how it fits within evolutionary theory; (2) the nature of evo-devo model systems that comprise the material of comparative and experimental research; (3) the puzzle of how to understand the widely used notion of 'conserved mechanisms'; (4) the definition of evolutionary novelties and expectations for how to explain them; and (5) the demand of interdisciplinary collaboration that derives from investigating complex phenomena at key moments in the history of life, such as the fin-limb transition.This Element treats these conceptual issues with close attention to both empirical detail and scientific practice to offer new perspectives on evolution and development.This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
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Hox Modules in Evolution and Development
Few, if any, genes have had the same level of impact on the field of evolutionary-developmental biology (evo-devo) as the Hox genes.These genes are renowned for their roles in patterning the body plans and development of the animal kingdom.This is complemented by the distinctive organisation of these genes in the genome, with them frequently being found as clusters in which gene position is linked to when and where the individual genes are expressed, particularly during embryogenesis.This book provides the latest overviews of Hox gene organisation and function for major clades of animals from across the animal kingdom.With the rapidly increasing availability of high-quality whole genome sequences from an ever-expanding range of species, it is becoming increasingly evident that there is great diversity in the organisation of Hox genes.These great strides in genome sequencing are wedded to important developments in our ability to detect expression and disrupt gene function in species that are not traditionally genetically-amenable animals.These technical developments are integrated with wide taxon-sampling in this volume to provide new perspectives on the roles of Hox genes in understanding fundamental issues such as embryo patterning, mechanisms of gene regulation, homology, evolvability, evolutionary novelties, phylogeny, the role of gene and genome duplications in evolution, and ancestral states for major clades of animals. Key features Integrative overviews from major animal groups including, arthropods, vertebrates, echinoderms, mollusks and other spiralians. Perspectives gleaned from the latest genome sequence and gene expression data. Individual chapters written by world-leading experts in Hox genes and evo-devo in each animal group. Related TitlesScholtz, G., ed. Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Crustacea (ISBN 978-9-0580-9637-1)Mattick, J. & P. Amaral. RNA, The Epicenter of Genetic Information (ISBN 978-0-3675-6778-1)Bard, J.Evolution: The Origins and Mechanisms of Diversity (ISBN 978-0-3673-5701-6)
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Multinational Corporate Evolution and Subsidiary Development
This book is one of the first to specifically address the subsidiary development process - a phenomenon by which multinational company subsidiaries enhance their resources and capabilities.It shows how this process is integral to multinational corporate evolution, which is largely driven by changes in subsidiaries and their development.It also illustrates how the recent trend towards greater international dispersal of value-adding activities has impacted on this process and on multinational evolution as a whole.
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Quantum Mechanics, Cell-Cell Signaling, and Evolution
Quantum Mechanics, Cell-Cell Signaling, and Evolution offers a detailed accounting of the latest research and theorizing on the integration of quantum physics with biological action to produce a novel perspective on evolution.The book advocates for a paradigm shift towards understanding biology and medicine causally as predictive sciences, presenting quantum mechanics and physiology as vertically integrated.The author has taken a unique approach to the question of how and why evolution occurred.The account is based on extensive knowledge of lipid physical chemistry, and its role in the evolution of the lung under the influence of hormonal effects on structure and function. The title arranges lipid biochemistry and biophysics into an integrated explanation, guiding readers from the immersion of lipids in water as the origin of life, to lung surfactant in alveolar homeostasis, and leading to a new understanding of how consciousness interacts with the laws of nature.This volume argues for a novel understanding of evolutionary processes based on fundamental science and positions itself as seeking consilience among research disciplines.Starting from the origins of the cosmos, the author proceeds through nucleosynthesis and Endosymbiosis Theory, to finally describe consciousness in relation to natural law.
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What is cosmic evolution, chemical evolution, biological evolution, and cultural evolution?
Cosmic evolution refers to the development and changes in the universe over time, including the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets. Chemical evolution is the process by which elements and compounds have changed and evolved over time, leading to the formation of complex molecules and the conditions necessary for life. Biological evolution is the process by which living organisms have changed and diversified over time through genetic variation, natural selection, and other mechanisms. Cultural evolution refers to the development and changes in human societies, including the growth of technology, language, art, and social structures.
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Is human intelligence a result of evolution or just a coincidence?
Human intelligence is a result of evolution. Over millions of years, our ancestors developed larger and more complex brains, which allowed for higher cognitive abilities and problem-solving skills. This evolutionary process was driven by the need to adapt to changing environments and survive in competitive ecosystems. Therefore, human intelligence is not just a coincidence, but rather a product of natural selection and the evolutionary process.
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What triggers evolution?
Evolution is triggered by a combination of factors, including genetic mutations, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. Genetic mutations create new variations in a population, which can then be acted upon by natural selection, where individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Genetic drift and gene flow also play a role in shaping the genetic makeup of a population over time. These factors collectively drive the process of evolution by leading to changes in the frequency of genetic traits within a population.
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Is evolution stingy?
Evolution is not inherently stingy, but rather it is driven by the process of natural selection, which favors traits that increase an organism's chances of survival and reproduction. This can sometimes result in the appearance of stinginess, as resources are allocated to the most advantageous traits. However, evolution also promotes cooperation and mutualism in many species, leading to the development of symbiotic relationships and social behaviors that benefit the group as a whole. Overall, evolution is a complex process that can result in both competitive and cooperative behaviors, depending on the specific ecological and environmental pressures at play.
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Swarm Intelligence and Deep Evolution : Evolutionary Approach to Artificial Intelligence
The book provides theoretical and practical knowledge about swarm intelligence and evolutionary computation.It describes the emerging trends in deep learning that involve the integration of swarm intelligence and evolutionary computation with deep learning, i.e., deep neuroevolution and deep swarms.The study reviews the research on network structures and hyperparameters in deep learning, and attracting attention as a new trend in AI.A part of the coverage of the book is based on the results of practical examples as well as various real-world applications.The future of AI, based on the ideas of swarm intelligence and evolution is also covered. The book is an introductory work for researchers. Approaches to the realization of AI and the emergence of intelligence are explained, with emphasis on evolution and learning.It is designed for beginners who do not have any knowledge of algorithms or biology, and explains the basics of neural networks and deep learning in an easy-to-understand manner.As a practical exercise in neuroevolution, the book shows how to learn to drive a racing car and a helicopter using MindRender.MindRender is an AI educational software that allows the readers to create and play with VR programs, and provides a variety of examples so that the readers will be able to create and understand AI.
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Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms
Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms is an exploration of laboratory and field research on the many ways that evolution has influenced learning and memory processes, such as associative learning, social learning, and spatial, working, and episodic memory systems.This volume features research by both outstanding early-career scientists as well as familiar luminaries in the field.Learning and memory in a broad range of animals are explored, including numerous species of invertebrates (insects, worms, sea hares), as well as fish, amphibians, birds, rodents, bears, and human and nonhuman primates.Contributors discuss how the behavioral, cognitive, and neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory have been influenced by evolutionary pressures.They also draw connections between learning and memory and the specific selective factors that shaped their evolution.Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms should be a valuable resource for those working in the areas of experimental and comparative psychology, comparative cognition, brain–behavior evolution, and animal behavior.
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The Tales Teeth Tell : Development, Evolution, Behavior
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Strategy, Evolution, and War : From Apes to Artificial Intelligence
Decisions about war have always been made by humans, but now intelligent machines are on the cusp of changing things – with dramatic consequences for international affairs.This book explores the evolutionary origins of human strategy, and makes a provocative argument that Artificial Intelligence will radically transform the nature of war by changing the psychological basis of decision-making about violence.Strategy, Evolution, and War is a cautionary preview of how Artificial Intelligence (AI) will revolutionize strategy more than any development in the last three thousand years of military history.Kenneth Payne describes strategy as an evolved package of conscious and unconscious behaviors with roots in our primate ancestry.Our minds were shaped by the need to think about warfare—a constant threat for early humans.As a result, we developed a sophisticated and strategic intelligence. The implications of AI are profound because they depart radically from the biological basis of human intelligence.Rather than being just another tool of war, AI will dramatically speed up decision making and use very different cognitive processes, including when deciding to launch an attack, or escalate violence.AI will change the essence of strategy, the organization of armed forces, and the international order.This book is a fascinating examination of the psychology of strategy-making from prehistoric times, through the ancient world, and into the modern age.
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What about evolution?
Evolution is the process by which species of organisms change over time through the process of natural selection, genetic drift, and other mechanisms. It is a fundamental concept in biology and has been supported by a large body of evidence from fields such as genetics, paleontology, and comparative anatomy. Evolution explains the diversity of life on Earth and how species have adapted to their environments over millions of years. It is a well-established scientific theory that has withstood rigorous testing and continues to be a central principle in the study of biology.
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Can evolution stop?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. While it is theoretically possible for evolution to slow down or even temporarily stop in a stable environment with little genetic variation, it is unlikely to completely halt. As long as there are factors such as mutations, genetic recombination, and environmental pressures, evolution will continue to shape and change species over time. Therefore, while it may slow down under certain conditions, it is unlikely for evolution to completely stop.
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Will evolution change?
Evolution is a continuous process driven by genetic variation, natural selection, and environmental changes. As long as these factors continue to operate, evolution will continue to occur. However, the specific direction and pace of evolution may change in response to new environmental pressures, genetic mutations, and other factors. Therefore, while the fundamental process of evolution is unlikely to change, the specific outcomes and patterns of evolution may vary over time.
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What is the difference between synthetic evolution and natural evolution?
Synthetic evolution involves the intentional manipulation of genetic material by humans in a controlled environment, such as in a laboratory setting, to produce desired traits or outcomes. In contrast, natural evolution occurs in nature through the process of natural selection, where organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the genetic makeup of a population over time. While synthetic evolution is directed and guided by human intervention, natural evolution is driven by environmental pressures and random genetic mutations.
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